{"id":415,"date":"2025-12-05T12:17:51","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T18:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/liceaga.facmed.unam.mx\/clinicas\/capv\/?p=415"},"modified":"2026-01-20T03:53:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T09:53:52","slug":"fiebre-enterica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clinicadeviajero.unam.mx\/?p=415","title":{"rendered":"Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-348d54dd wp-block-paragraph\">La Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica \u2013 Tifoidea es una enfermedad aguda febril que ataca al tracto gastrointestinal causada por la bacteria Salmonella typhi. Sin tratamiento oportuno puede causar complicaciones serias y potencialmente mortales. Se reportan 21.5 millones de casos anualmente y se considera que m\u00e1s del 75% se adquieren durante el viaje. Representa la quinta enfermedad infecciosa en viajeros por falta de higiene adecuada, se estima que se presentan 1-10 casos nuevos por 100,000 habitantes a nivel mundial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#1\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se transmite?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se presenta la enfermedad?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#3\">\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 lugares existe actualmente?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#4\">Vacunas para viajar, esquema y protecci\u00f3n<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#5\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 viajeros deben vacunarse?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#6\">\u00bfCu\u00e1les son los riesgos de vacunarse?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#7\">Referencias<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#8\">Agenda tu cita<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qSx-bCS6_fs?si=tCAbiQORjioTI1Ct\" title=\"Tifoidea\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se transmite?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-cd3cbb4f wp-block-paragraph\">Por la ingesta de alimentos y agua contaminada, incluyendo l\u00e1cteos. La ingesti\u00f3n de mariscos (almejas, ostras y mejillones) que fueron sacados de aguas contaminadas aumenta el riesgo de padecer la enfermedad. Otra forma es el consumo de frutas y verduras contaminadas durante las cosechas con el sistema de riego y su manipulaci\u00f3n. El 10% de los viajeros que la adquieren tienden a propagarla durante los 3 meses posteriores a la infecci\u00f3n, mientras que el 5% lo hace por m\u00e1s de un a\u00f1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se presenta la enfermedad?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-0481729e wp-block-paragraph\">Los s\u00edntomas son fiebre vespertina &gt;39\u00b0C que aumenta gradualmente con el paso de los d\u00edas, ataque al estado general, p\u00e9rdida de apetito, dolor muscular, dolor abdominal, dolor de cabeza, en ni\u00f1os se presenta diarrea, mientras que en adultos estre\u00f1imiento al final de la enfermedad. En el 25% de los casos se presentan lesiones en la piel, elevadas, de color ros\u00e1ceo, que a la digito presi\u00f3n palidecen y aparecen con mayor frecuencia en tronco, abdomen y espalda. La enfermedad puede tornarse severa en el 20% de los casos no tratados o con tratamiento antibi\u00f3tico inadecuado, llegando a producir la muerte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3\">\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 lugares existe actualmente?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-bfe6df51 wp-block-paragraph\">En los pa\u00edses en v\u00edas de desarrollo con pr\u00e1cticas higi\u00e9nicas y condiciones sanitarias deficientes, siendo el Subcontinente Indio (Pakist\u00e1n, India, Nepal, But\u00e1n, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka y Maldivas) el principal destino de riesgo para los viajeros, seguido de Asia Meridional, \u00c1frica, Am\u00e9rica Central y Am\u00e9rica del Sur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"579\" src=\"https:\/\/liceaga.facmed.unam.mx\/clinicas\/capv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mapa_enterica-1024x579.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clinicadeviajero.unam.mx\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mapa_enterica-1024x579.png 1024w, https:\/\/clinicadeviajero.unam.mx\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mapa_enterica-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/clinicadeviajero.unam.mx\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mapa_enterica-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/clinicadeviajero.unam.mx\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mapa_enterica.png 1150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4\">Vacunas para viajar, esquema y protecci\u00f3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-f9180a35 wp-block-paragraph\">La vacuna contra Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica \u2013 Tifoidea Typhim Vi \u00a9 est\u00e1 autorizada en M\u00e9xico para la prevenci\u00f3n de esta enfermedad. Se recomienda viajar vacunado en caso de visitar regiones con riesgo elevado de transmisi\u00f3n de fiebre ent\u00e9rica \u2013 tifoidea, e iniciar el esquema con un m\u00ednimo de 14 d\u00edas previos al arribo de la zona con riesgo para que la inmunidad sea mayor al 75%.<br><br>La vacuna confiere una protecci\u00f3n adecuada durante los siguientes tres a\u00f1os. La Cl\u00ednica del Viajero UNAM realiza una evaluaci\u00f3n del riesgo de enfermar al viajar de acuerdo con el historial m\u00e9dico y evaluaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica completa que asegure la correcta prescripci\u00f3n y aplicaci\u00f3n de la vacuna a viajeros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 viajeros deben vacunarse?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list ticss-953ae701\">\n<li>Personas mayores de 2 a\u00f1os que viajen o residan en \u00e1reas end\u00e9micas de alto o intermedio riesgo o que reporten brotes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Personas que trabajen en laboratorios y preparaci\u00f3n de alimentos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Casos especiales: mujeres embarazadas o en periodo de lactancia y personas con inmunocompromiso pueden ser vacunadas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contraindicaciones:<\/strong> \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ni\u00f1os menores de 2 a\u00f1os, Personas con hipersensibilidad a la vacuna o a alg\u00fan componente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6\">\u00bfCu\u00e1les son los riesgos de vacunarse?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ticss-76ef1c55 wp-block-paragraph\">Los s\u00edntomas m\u00e1s comunes se presentan en el sitio de aplicaci\u00f3n que pueden ser dolor e hinchaz\u00f3n, otros pueden incluir malestar general, dolor de cabeza, febr\u00edcula (37.5\u00b0C) y dolor muscular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7\">Referencias<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list ticss-6f7ce28d\">\n<li>CDC Health Information for International Travel: The Yellow Book 2012. New York. Oxford University Press. 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Health New York. Department of Health Infromation for a Healthy New York. November 2011. [En l\u00ednea]. Disponible: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/diseases\/communicable\/typhoid_fever\/fact_sheet.html\">http:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/diseases\/communicable\/typhoid_fever\/fact_sheet.html<\/a> [\u00daltimo acceso: 27MAR2013].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S.A. Plotkin y W.A.O. a P.A. Offit. Vaccines. Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier. 2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Health, Immunisation against Infectious Disease. 3th ed. Great Britain. Stationery Office. 2006.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>WHO. World Health Organization. Febrero 2009. [En l\u00ednea] Disponible:<a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/vaccine_research\/diseases\/diarrhoeal\/en\/index7.html\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/vaccine_research\/diseases\/diarrhoeal\/en\/index7.html<\/a> [\u00daltimo acceso: 27MAR2013].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P.S. Auerbach. Wilderness Medicine. 6th ed. Philadelphia. Mosby Elsevier. 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M. Hern\u00e1ndez-Cabrera y J.L.P. Arellao. Vacunas en pediatr\u00eda: Manual de la AEP 2012. Madrid. 2012. Pp.425-438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8\">Agenda tu cita<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recuerda que en la Cl\u00ednica de Atenci\u00f3n Preventiva del Viajero de la UNAM, podemos apoyarte y contamos con las vacunas necesarias para que tu \u00fanica preocupaci\u00f3n sea disfrutar tu viaje de manera segura y responsable.<br><br>Te invitamos a agendar una cita con nosotros a trav\u00e9s de Whatsapp, es f\u00e1cil y r\u00e1pido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignwide is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-3e41869c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\" id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/525539785447?text=Hola!%20Deseo%20agendar%20una%20cita!,%20Mi%20nombre%20es%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Agenda una Cita en la Cl\u00ednica de Atenci\u00f3n Preventiva del Viajero<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica La Fiebre Ent\u00e9rica \u2013 Tifoidea es una enfermedad aguda febril que ataca al tracto gastrointestinal causada por la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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